Avian Influenza (Bird Flu)

Avian influenza (H5N1), commonly referred to as bird flu, is widespread in wild birds worldwide and is causing outbreaks in U.S. dairy cows and poultry with several recent human cases in U.S. dairy and poultry workers. H5N1 bird flu is a disease caused by certain avian influenza A viruses that usually spread between birds.
Infected birds can spread the virus through their mucus, saliva or feces. People rarely get bird flu, but when they do, it is often through unprotected contact with infected birds and other animals infected with or suspected to be infected with bird flu.
Public Health Risk
While the current public health risk is low, CDC is watching the situation carefully and working with states to monitor people with animal exposures. CDC is using its flu surveillance systems to monitor for H5N1 activity in people.
Retail Milk Supply
On April 25, 2024 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration reported that its nationwide survey of retail milk has found remnants of H5N1 avian influenza viruses in one in five samples, with the highest concentrations in regions where outbreaks in dairy cattle have been reported. The FDA reiterated that they have not changed its assessment that the nation's milk supply remains safe. So far, early work on milk samples that were positive for H5N1 fragments have not found any potentially infectious virus. Bird flu has been detected in dairy cows in several states, including Kansas.
Consuming Raw Milk
Based on current knowledge, it's uncertain whether H5N1 viruses can be transmitted through consuming unpasteurized (raw) milk from infected cows. However, raw milk can carry harmful microorganisms that can seriously endanger consumers' health. It is recommended to refrain from consuming raw milk amidst the H5N1 outbreak due to the heightened risk of exposure to the virus, which could lead to illness.
Frequently Asked Questions
What if I find a dead bird?
Do not touch dead geese, waterfowl or other bird species with bare hands.
If you need to dispose of a dead goose or other wild bird, put on gloves, double bag the bird(s) and dispose of them in your regular trash. Be sure to wash hands after removing gloves.
If you do accidentally touch a dead goose or other wild bird, wash your hands thoroughly. Contact a healthcare provider if you experience any new flu-like symptoms. Tell them about any contact you’ve had with dead birds.
You can report the dead bird(s) to the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks at 913-422-1314. Depending on the number and species of birds, they will determine the most appropriate response plan.
Do pets get bird flu?
Although the likelihood of dogs catching avian influenza continues to be very low, several barn/feral cats have become severely ill from H5N1 infection since the outbreak in cattle began. Don’t allow pets to play with or eat dead birds or other animals. Avoid feeding pets raw meat or poultry and unpasteurized milk.
Can I keep bird feeders in my yard?
Songbirds are much less likely than waterfowl to contract avian influenza and less likely to transmit the disease, so it’s safe to keep bird feeders in your yard. Clean and disinfect bird feeders regularly and wash hands thoroughly after touching bird feeders.
If you do a find multiple dead birds in your yard, report it to the Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks at 913-422-1314.
Is it safe to eat poultry, beef and eggs?
Yes, properly cooked poultry, beef and eggs are safe to eat. See USDA’s guide to safe cooking temperatures.
I hunt wild birds and waterfowl. Can I get infected with bird flu?
People can get infected through close contact with infected birds, their droppings or contaminated surfaces. Hunters should take precautions like wearing gloves when picking up dead birds and cooking bird meat to an internal temperature of 165°F (74°C) to kill the virus.
I raise chickens and ducks on my property. Can I get bird flu?
Yes, it’s possible for people to become infected through exposure to infected animals. Poultry owners should monitor their flocks for any symptoms of bird flu. If you have birds showing symptoms, contact your veterinarian or the Kansas Department of Agriculture at 833-765-2006 or send an email to KDA.HPAI@ks.gov. Poultry owners can also self-report their birds online.
How is Johnson County monitoring for bird flu cases?
JCDHE works closely with the Kansas Department of Health and Environment to identify and monitor all individuals exposed to the H5N1 influenza virus for symptoms of influenza-like illness, provide education and coordinate responses to protect public health.